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Combined and individual effects of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles on the expression of antioxidant genes in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Maryam Mahjoubian   , Akram Sadat Naeemi , Zeinab Moradi-Shoeili , Borhan Mansouri |
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Abstract: (432 Views) |
The increase in the use of nanoparticles has caused concerns about the dangers of releasing them into the aquatic environment. When nanoparticles are discharged into environmental ecosystems, aquatic organisms may be exposed to a complex mixture of nanoparticles that can change their toxicity level for organisms. In this study combined and individual effects of non-lethal concentrations of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on zebrafish was investigated. For this purpose, 180 zebrafish with an average weight of 0.07 ± 0.3 g )10 fish per treatment( were purchased in the spring 2021 from a decorative fish hatchery center, and for 56 days (28 days of exposure period and 28 days of depuration period) were exposed to a non-lethal concentration of ZnO NPs (10 mg L-1), two non-lethal concentrations of Ag NPs separately (0.02 and 0.04 mg L-1), two concentrations of co-exposure of the nanoparticles (10 mg L-1 of ZnO NPs + 0.02 or 0.04 mg L-1 of Ag NPs) and the control treatment were placed in three replications. After the end of different sampling times, the expression levels of antioxidant genes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in fish liver. The results of this study showed that nanoparticles increased the expression of antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT and GPx) in most treatments on days 7 and 14 of exposure (the highest increase in the expression of SOD and CAT genes was about 3 times and GPx was about 3.5 times and was observed in the high concentration of co-exposure NPs treatment); while the level of gene expression decreased on day 28 of exposure in most treatments. The most changes in gene expression levels were observed in the combined treatments compared to other treatments. After the depuration periods, in most of the treatments there was some recovery, but the amount of cleaning was higher in single treatments with low concentration. The results confirmed that the severity of damage, the duration of cleaning and the presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles were effective in improving complications. |
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| Keywords: Catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, simultaneous effects, nanotoxicology |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Fisheries
Received: 2024/04/5 | Accepted: 2023/04/22 | Published: 2023/04/22
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