Journal of Marine Biology

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Saprolegniosis is one of the significant opportunistic fungal diseases in freshwater fish, particularly in ornamental species such as the Oscar fish. This disease is primarily caused by fungi of the genus Saprolegnia and often emerges under stress conditions, physical injuries, or poor water quality. In the present study conducted in Ahvaz, cases of severe saprolegniosis were observed in Oscar fish kept in home aquariums. Clinical signs included white cotton-like patches on the skin and fins, necrotic ulcers, lethargy, loss of appetite, and unbalanced swimming. Macroscopically, fungal mats and tissue necrosis were evident in the infected areas. Microscopic examination of the lesions revealed the presence of branched, non-septate fungal hyphae. Based on clinical, macroscopic, and microscopic findings, saprolegniosis in Oscar fish was diagnosed and confirmed. For treatment, affected fish were subjected to a formalin bath at a concentration of 1:6000 for one hour, along with an increase in water salinity to 5 grams per liter. Post-treatment evaluation showed significant improvement in the clinical signs of the affected fish. This report represents the first documented case of saprolegniosis and its successful treatment in Oscar fish in Khuzestan province.

Keywords: Saprolegniosis, Aquarium fish, Oscar fish, Fungal diseases, Ahvaz.

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