Volume 17, Issue 2 (Summer 2025)
3 2025, 17(2): 1-16 |
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Alishahi M, Moftakhar P. Latest vaccine findings in aquaculture with emphasis on marine vaccines. 3 2025; 17 (2) :1-16
URL: http://jmb.ahvaz.iau.ir/article-1-1032-en.html
URL: http://jmb.ahvaz.iau.ir/article-1-1032-en.html
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz
Abstract: (185 Views)
Aquaculture has become a critical global protein source in recent decades. Its expansion is driven by increasing demand for high-quality, affordable animal protein. However, intensification elevates stocking densities, increasing stress and facilitating rapid pathogen transmission. Antibiotic therapy, an outdated approach, is unsuitable due to environmental impacts, antimicrobial resistance development, and high administration costs.Vaccination represents the established standard for inducing protective immunity against viral and bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. An ideal vaccine should be safe, effective, affordable, and easily administered. The fish vaccine industry continually advances, with recent progress significantly accelerated by innovations from human vaccine technology.This article reviews the current status of vaccines against bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases in global aquaculture and examines the latest developments in novel vaccine platforms. Technological advancements have been vital for developing live-attenuated, subunit, DNA, and RNA vaccines. Nevertheless, challenges persist, including variable efficacy, the cost and logistical difficulties of injectable administration, and relatively short-lived immunity. Furthermore, climate change, drought, and environmental pressures are driving increased focus on marine environments and mariculture. Consequently, vaccination plays a crucial role in sustainable marine fish farming development. Therefore, this review specifically examines the status and development trends of aquatic vaccines, with particular emphasis on vaccinating marine fish species.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/07/30 | Accepted: 2025/04/22 | Published: 2025/04/22
Received: 2025/07/30 | Accepted: 2025/04/22 | Published: 2025/04/22
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