fa ارزیابی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی در برابر باکتری ویبریوهای بیماری‌زا در مراکز تکثیر میگوی سفید غربی (Litopenaeus vannamei) شیلات Fisheries پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">این تحقیق باهدف </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ارزیابی مقاومت در برابر </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های مراکز تکثیر میگوی سفید غربی بر باکتری ویبریوهای بیماری‌زا انجام‌ شد. است. در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ایران</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مهم‌ترین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری‌های</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آسیب‌رسان</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مزارع</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">پرورش</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">میگو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">گونه‌های</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">است. در استان بوشهر نیز به علت کارائی مصرف بالایی که آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های اریترومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">استرپتومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">اکسی‌تتراسایکلین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">تری‌میتوپریم در بیماری‌های باکتریایی دارند به‌عنوان گونه‌های مورد تحقیق انتخاب شدند. باکتری‌های بیماری‌زای</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو هاروی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آلجینولیتیکوس از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مراکز</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">تکثیر</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">جدا</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شدند</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">با استفاده از روش دیسک دیفیوژن</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به تعیین مقاومت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری‌های</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">پرداخته</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شد. جداسازی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری‌ها</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شناسایی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">روش</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بیوشیمیایی و تست‌های بیولوژیک و مقایسه نتایج</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;">pH </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">&nbsp;و دماهای مختلف بررسی شدند</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;">.</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> هر سه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">هاروی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">جداسازی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">سه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مرکز</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">تکثیر </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">A</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:timesnewromanpsmt,serif;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">,</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">B</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:timesnewromanpsmt,serif;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">,</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">C</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> نسبت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنتی‌بیوتیک</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">اریترومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ترتیب</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نیمه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حساس،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاوم</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حساس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بودند. نسبت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنتی‌بیوتیک</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">تری‌متیوپریم</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">هر</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">سه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حساس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بودند.</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آلجینولیتیکوس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">جداسازی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">سه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مرکز تکثیر</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نسبت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">استرپتومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاوم</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بودند.</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ولی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">جداسازی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مرکز </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:timesnewromanpsmt,serif;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">C</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نسبت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">اریترومایسین نیمه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حساس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">دو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مرکز </span></span>&nbsp;<span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">A</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">B </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاوم بود. نتایج</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نشان</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">می‌دهد</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بیشترین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاومت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنتی‌بیوتیکی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نسبت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">استرپتومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مرحله</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">اول</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">سپس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">اریترومایسین</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در مرحله</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بعد</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">دیده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">می‌شود. </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نتایج نشان داد در </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">pH</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> 6 عملکرد آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های مورد مطالعه پایین بوده و و با افزایش </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">pH</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">به 7</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> این میزان افزایش می‌یابد. </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاومت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنتی‌بیوتیکی با</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> درجه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حرارت </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نیز اختلاف</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">معنی&shy;داری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">را نشان داد (</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">95/0></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;">P</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">). تجزیه و تحلیل</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">نشان</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"> می‌دهد </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">درجه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حرارت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">35</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">درجه سانتی‌گراد</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">مناسبترین درجه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">حرارت،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">برای</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">باکتری‌های</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ویبریو است</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;">. ارزیابی نیز در آبزی‌پروری، با چالش‌های فراوانی درگیر است. به‌ویژه این‌که ارزیابی آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها یکی از عناصر حساس در سلامت جامعه است</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"> .</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b mitra;"></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;">This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance to antibiotics in the western white shrimp propagation centers on pathogens of Vibrio bacteria. In Iran, the most important bacteria in the shrimp are the vibrio species. In Bushehr Province, due to the high efficacy of erythromycin antibiotics, streptomycyne oxytracycline and tremitoprim in bacterial diseases, were selected as the species. The bacterial strains of <em>Vibrio harvey </em>and <em>Vibrio aliginolyticus</em> were isolated from the replication centers and the resistance of the bacteria was investigated using disk diffusion method. Isolation of bacteria and identification by biochemical and biological tests and comparison of pH and different temperatures were investigated. All three <em>Vibrio harvey</em> bacteria isolated from the three replication centers A, B, C, relative to the antibiotic erythromycin, were semi-sensitive, resistant and susceptible, respectively. Three antibiotics were susceptible to trimethoprim for antibiotics. <em>Vibrio oliginolyticus</em> isolated from three proliferation centers was resistant to streptomycin. But the isolated bacteria from center C were resistant to semi-sensitive erythromycin and the two bacteria A and B. The results showed that the highest antibiotic resistance to streptomycin at the first stage and then erythromycin is seen at the next stage. The results showed that the pH of the antibiotics was low at pH 6 and increased to 7 by increasing pH. Antibiotic resistance with temperature is also significant (P<0.95). The analysis showed that temperatures of 35 ^oC are the most appropriate temperature for Vibrio bacteria. Assessment in aquaculture also has many challenges. In particular, this assessment of antibiotics is one of the key elements in the health of the community.</div> مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیک, میگو سفید غربی, ویبریو هاروی, ویبریو آلجینولیتیکوس Antibiotic resistance, Litopenaeus vannamei, Vbrio harvey, Vibrio alginoliticus. 43 54 http://jmb.ahvaz.iau.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-536-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Azam Moghimi اعظم مقیمی 10031947532846005416 10031947532846005416 Yes Department of Fisheries,Applied Gulf University Bushehr, Bushehr, Iran کارشناس بخش آبزی پروری، اداره شیلات، گناوه، ایران Mohammad Afshar Nasab محمد افشار نسب 10031947532846005417 10031947532846005417 No Professor of Aquatic Health & Aquatic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran بخش علوم و بهداشت بیماریهای آبزیان، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران Abbas Ali Zendehboudi عباسعلی زنده بودی 10031947532846005418 10031947532846005418 No Shrimp Research Center of the country. National Fisheries Research Institute, Agricultural Research and Development Organization, Bushehr, Iran پژوهشکده میگوی کشور، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات اموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بوشهر، ایران Aqeel Dashtian Nosab عقیل دشتیان نسب 10031947532846005419 10031947532846005419 No Shrimp disease group, Shrimp Research Institute of Iran, Bushehr, Iran گروه بیماری‌های میگو، پژوهشکده میگوی کشور، بوشهر، ایران Vahid Yeganeh وحید یگانه 10031947532846005420 10031947532846005420 No Shrimp disease group, Shrimp Research Institute of Iran, Bushehr, Iran گروه بیماری‌های میگو، پژوهشکده میگوی کشور، بوشهر، ایران Mehrzad Mesbah مهرزاد مصباح 10031947532846005421 10031947532846005421 No Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran